Biography of Tullus Hostilius

Tullus Hostilius was the 3rd of the  7 kings of Rome, following Romulus and  Numa Pompilius. He  ruled Rome from about 673-642 B.C. Tullus, like the other kings of Rome, lived during the legendary period whose records were destroyed in the fourth century B.C. Most of the stories we have about Tullus Hostilius come from Livius Patavinus  (Livy), a Roman historian  who lived in the first century B.C. Hostus Hostilius and the Sabines During the reign of Romulus, the Sabines and Romans were approaching each other in battle when a single Roman rushed ahead and engaged with a Sabine warrior who had similar ideas. The brash Roman was Hostus Hostilius, grandfather of Tullus Hostilius. Though he did not defeat the Sabine, Hostus Hostilius was held up as a model of bravery. The Romans retreated, although Romulus soon changed his mind and turned around and engaged again. Tullus on Expanding Rome Tullus defeated the Albans, razed their city of Alba Longa, and brutally punished their traitorous leader, Mettius Fufetius. He welcomed the Albans into Rome, thereby doubling the population of Rome. Tullus added Alban nobles to the Senate of Rome and built the Curia Hostilia for them, according to Livy. He also used the Alban nobles to increase his cavalry force. Military Campaigns   Tullus, who is described as more militaristic than Romulus, went to war against Alba, Fidenae, and the Veientines. He tried treating the Albans as allies, but when their leader acted treacherously, he conquered and absorbed them. After beating the people of Fidenae, he defeated their allies, the Veientines, in a bloody battle at the Anio River. He also defeated the Sabines at Silva Malitiosa by throwing them into confusion using his Albans-enhanced cavalry. Jupiter Strikes Down Tullus Tullus had not paid much attention to the religious rites. When a plague struck, the people of Rome believed it to be divine punishment. Tullus didnt worry about it until he, too, became ill and  unsuccessfully tried to follow the prescribed rites. It was believed that Jupiter in response to this lack of proper reverence, struck Tullus down with a bolt of lightning. Tullus had reigned for 32 years. Virgil on Tullus He shall found Rome anew—from mean estateIn lowly Cures led to mightier sway.But after him arises one whose reignShall wake the land from slumber: Tullus thenShall stir slack chiefs to battle, rallyingHis hosts which had forgot what triumphs be.Him boastful Ancus follows hard upon— Aeneid Book 6 Ch. 31 Tacitus on Tullus Romulus governed us as he pleased; then Numa united our people by religious ties and a constitution of divine origin, to which some additions were made by Tullus and Ancus. But Servius Tullius was our chief legislator to whose laws even kings were to be subject.— Tacitus Bk 3 Ch. 26

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder During The Holocaust Essay

PTSD in Holocaust Survivors The Nazis killed over six million Jews and millions of other Polish and Soviet civilians in the Holocaust. They also killed gypsies, physically and mentally disabled people and homosexuals. The number of survivors today are quickly dwindling down. Clinical psychologist Natan Kellermann defines a Holocaust survivor as any Jew who lived under Nazi occupation and was threatened by the â€Å"final solution† (Kellermann 199). This definition can be applied to not only Jews, but to anyone in general whose life was threatened by the Nazis. When these survivors were liberated, they believed the suffering was over, but for many, this wasn’t the case. The trauma of the horrors they faced is still evident in their life. By analyzing the effects of post traumatic stress disorder after the Holocaust, readers can see that the aftermath of the Holocaust is still prevalent in the survivor’s everyday life; This is important to show that while the trauma may not be overcome, the survivor can be more at peace with the events. When World War II ended, many of the prisoners felt as if their newly found freedom was surreal. The mental and physical torture the prisoners underwent led to the loss of happiness, even after they achieved freedom. Victor Frankl writes â€Å"there could be no earthly happiness which could compensate for all we had suffered...and yet we were not prepared for unhappiness† (Frankl 147). With everything they went through, it is understable why theseShow MoreRelatedMaus and the Psychological Effects of the Holocaust1704 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Holocaust The Maus books are award-winning comics written by Art Spiegelman. They are the non-fictional stories of Art and his father, Vladek. In the book, Art Spiegelman is a writer, planning to portray Vladek’s life as a Jewish man during WWII Europe in comic book form. While Art gathers information for his story through visits to his father’s house, much is learned about their relationship and individual personalities. Through this analysis, Maus becomes an example of how the Holocaust hasRead MoreThe World Of The Holocaust1449 Words   |  6 Pagesdescribe the Holocaust. The Holocaust affected the lives of millions because of the hate inside of the Nazi’s. Why would the Nazi’s do this? This is a question almost nobody can answer. What we do know are the effects of the Holocaust; specifically, on the child survivors of the Holocaust. The Holocaust created a struggle with interpersonal relationships, psychological difficulties, and caused child survivors and thei r families have a drive for resilience. Most people could say the Holocaust bring feelingsRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1519 Words   |  7 PagesPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder It is common for individuals who have gone through a traumatic experience to feel many types of emotions, to include distress, fear, helplessness, guilt, shame or anger. The individual may begin to feel better after just a few days or weeks, but sometimes these feelings don’t go away. If the symptoms last for more than a month, they may be experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD and should seek professional help. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, once knownRead MoreNature Of Symptoms And Diagnosis1694 Words   |  7 Pagesspecifies what Teddy’s diagnosis was, Dissociative Identity Disorder is the primary disorder that he should be diagnosed with and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder should be secondary. Dissociative Identity Disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states. The multiple personalities differ in many areas including affect, behavior, memory, perception, cognition, and sensory and motor function. The disorder c auses great distress and/or impairment in the individual whoRead MoreThe Factors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay675 Words   |  3 PagesFactors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Post traumatic stress disorder occurs after a person is exposed to a terrifying ordeal which causes either grave physical or psychological harm where harm was threatened. It can become an extremely debilitating disorder to the persons life. The person can have problems interacting in social and family life, occupational instability and the breakdown of marriages can occur. The disorder is triggered after traumatic events suchRead MorePtsd778 Words   |  4 Pagesparticipation in a mindfulness program for veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. I believe that PTSD is a state of mind that an individual has or how the deal with a certain traumatic event that has taken place in their life. According to Santrock (2006), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event, such as war; severely oppressive situations, such as the Holocaust; severe abuse, as in rape; natural disasters, such asRead More Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Essay1266 Words   |  6 Pages Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be a very serious and debilitating condition that occurs after a person has been exposed to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical danger happened or was threatened. The kinds of traumatic events triggering PTSD in people include violent personal assaults (rape, mugging), natural disasters (hurricanes, tornadoes), man-made disasters (bombings), accidents or military combat. People who suffer from PTSD often reliveRead MoreHiroshima And The Inheritance Of Trauma1202 Words   |  5 Pagesyou were not the one who initially experienced the traumatic event, however, you still suffer great stress from it. Sarah Stillman in â€Å"Hiroshima and the Inheritance of Trauma† suggests that trauma may be a ‘contagious disease’ that can spread amongst both families as well as generations. She uses an example of a woman named Tomiko Shoji who was only nineteen when she survived the bombing of Hiroshima. Shoji suffered post t raumatic stress disorder as well has radiation poisoning, which consisted ofRead MoreCatastrophes and Stress2715 Words   |  11 PagesAilen Fernandez PSY 102 April 21, 2013 Jones, Jennifer Catastrophes and Stress American Leader Martin Luther King Jr. once said, â€Å"An individual has not started living until he can rise above the narrow confines of his individualistic concerns to the broader concerns of all humanity† (Martin). Luther King believed that in order for us humans to have a meaningful live we must put aside our personal problems and care about the problems of humanity as a whole. The earthquake of Oakland, CaliforniaRead MoreTrauma And Recovery By Judith Herman977 Words   |  4 Pagesregarding the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Some advocate the act of recounting the traumatic events, while others do not consider this to have therapeutic benefits. This divide was seen in World War 1 and the treatment of shell shock patients and is still seen today. In this paper, the presence of storytelling and lack thereof in traumatic shock treatment from WWI onward will be observed. Lewis Yealland was a Canadian doctor working in England during the first World War. He

Usability Testing for Nielsen & Molich Heuristic- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theUsability Testing for Nielsen Molich Heuristic. Answer: Introduction For the evaluation of the usability of the wireframe designs the Nielsen Molich heuristic approach is being adopted. The testing would help in deciding upon the efficiency of the interface design. Visibility of system status The visibility of the system is efficiently designed. The system provides the user with the efficient information on each and every screen and provides efficient information to the user about the content of the page and provide details about the different criteria of the page such as the cart information and order details. These are updated on their own and helps the users understand the status of the process they are involved in. Match between system and the real world The match in between the system and the real world is also efficiently done. The system display message such as Welcome message for the user and also commands that helps the user in navigating through the systems. User control and freedom The design lacks in this aspect as the design does not indicate any actions that would provide the user with the user control and freedom option. In addition to this there are no emergency exists in the design and neither is there a scope to include a redo and undo feature in the design. Consistency and standards The design generally follows the platform conventions. They maintain the actual flow of a general application. The design elements also are made according to the conventional design standards. The homepage in the design displays the introduction followed by the login features and login details. In addition to this, the registration page for the system comes after the login page and this maintains the conventional approach to designing. This helps in maintaining the conventions used for the designing of the interfaces. Error prevention The error preventing option is implemented in the system to some extent. The error message Hi, Please login to use the app. You can register by clicking on the user icon above. Provides the information to the user about the login functionality of the system. This displays that the user cannot use the features of the application unless they login the systems. However, there are no additional error prevention features displayed in the design. Hence this feature is partially included in the design. Recognition rather than recall The application does not involve any concept in which the user is required to remember any of their previous action on the system. However the design displays that the user is guided in each and every step by the application itself and hence, the recognition rather than recall feature is maintained by the application. Flexibility and efficiency of use The concept of the design does not include any scope for an experienced user or an intermediate user. The system is a general e-commerce site and hence, there are scope for the evaluation of the website in this criteria. However in and an e-commerce system the experiences buyers or the frequent buyers are provided with additional benefits however no such options are presented in the design. Additionally an experienced buyer would also be able to get an information or product more easily rather an inexperienced user. Hence, the design should not be evaluated in this criteria. Aesthetic and minimalist design The design is provide with an Aesthetic and minimalist design as the dialogues in the system does not contain any irrelevant content or content that is rarely needed. The irrelevant information make website of the system large and slows down the system. Hence, the system design is efficient in this aspect. Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors The system Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors, there are no additional codes that the user has to go through in the error detection methods. The system also provides a constructive suggestion for the solution to the error and also displays the relevant discussions for the error. The example taken here for this context is of the error message Hi, Please login to use the app. You can register by clicking on the user icon above. Hence, the system is efficient in this regard. Help and documentation The design contains the testimonial and contact us sections. This would help the user in guiding through the website. However there are no documentation feature that would help the user in navigation through the system. Hence, this aspect of the design is partially met. However there is additional scope for improvement in this sector of the interface design. Bibliography Ali, A., Alrasheedi, M., Ouda, A., Capretz, L. F. (2015). A study of the interface usability issues of mobile learning applications for smart phones from the users perspective. arXiv preprint arXiv:1501.01875. Bader, F., Schn, E. M., Thomaschewski, J. (2017). Heuristics Considering UX and Quality Criteria for Heuristics. International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, 4(6), 48-53. Hermawati, S., Lawson, G. (2015). A User-Centric methodology to Establish usability heuristics for specific domains. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Ergonomics Human Factors (p. 8085). Reynaga, G., Chiasson, S., van Oorschot, P. C. (2015, July). Heuristics for the evaluation of captchas on smartphones. In Proceedings of the 2015 British HCI Conference (pp. 126-135). ACM.

Nursing for Pre Early Save Program- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theNursing for Pre Early Save Program. Answer: A large metropolitan hospital introduced EARLY SAVE program to reflect best practice in early recognition and response to clinical deterioration. Pre Early Save Program- Code Blue process for life threatening emergencies Early Save Program- Education for clinical staff, more formalized Medical Emergency Team (MET) process and the introduction of an observation and escalation chart To analyze the effectiveness of the EARLY SAVE program in improving early recognition and response to clinical deterioration, the data regarding the MET calls in the pre and post period needs to be analyzed. Firstly, 160 MET calls were made in the pre period and 360 in the post period. This means that the recognition and response process became wider after the EARLY SAVE program. The positive benefits of high rate of MET calls in the post program period are evident from the % of patients who remained in wards. Earlier 20% remained in the wards and after the EARLY SAVE program, the proportion of patients remaining in the ward increased to 50%. This is a remarkable improvement signifying that burden of ICU team and resuscitation team reduced. The positive benefits of the EARLY SAVE program is also understood from the difference in % of patients transferred to ICU and death in patients. In the pre period, the % of transfers to ICU was 35% and it reduced to 20% in the post program period. Secondly, number of deaths was 25% in the pre period and 10% in the post period. The MET calls in the both the pre and post period was mainly called for seizure, worsening respiratory infection, acute respiratory distress, suspected cardiac pain and alterations in vital signs indicating clinical deterioration. However, the impact of EARLY SAVE program was that % of people affected by different clinical deterioration reduced in the post period except worsening respiratory infection. The main reason for improvement in clinical outcome in majority of condition was that education was given to staffs regarding responding to clinical deterioration and use of observation and escalation chart enhanced the possibility of taking prompt response to d eteriorating condition of patients. The research by Massey et al. (2017) has also proved that education and environmental factors enables health staffs to recognize and respond to patient deterioration. Specific clinical education and skills training enables staffs to quickly recognize and respond to patient deterioration. The hospital can use the data in the pre and post EARLY SAVE program to report against NSQHS standard 9: Recognizing and responding to clinical deterioration in health care in the following ways: They can show the data regarding difference in results in the % of patients transferred to ICU and death in the pre and post program to prove the benefits of MET calls in early recognition and clinical response. They can defend no increase in HDU outcome post program by stating that with improvement in burden of ICU units, the need for escalation of care of moving to HDU was minimized. They can show the efficacy of formalized MET process by the increase in the number of patients remaining in the ward and not shifting to the ICU or HDU units. The advantage of a formalized MET process is that it has direct role in preventing cardiac arrest and this is evident in the case scenario as data revealed that only 60 Code Blue calls for cardiac or respiratory arrest were made in the post period compare to 140 in the pre period. The potential benefits of MET is appreciated by most hospitals and their staffs. Resuscitation is an emergency clinical procedure to support and maintain breathing in a patient experiencing respiratory arrest or cardiac arrest. The main purpose of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is to restore normal breathing and circulation in critically ill patient and maintain normal blood flow and oxygen to the heart, brain and other vital organs. As it is an invasive procedure, the norm is to escort family members out of the room due to fear of immediate and long term negative consequences for family members (Hill and Fuhrman 2008). However, this essay mainly supports the fact that family members should be allowed during the resuscitation of their loved ones in acute care setting. The essay presents appropriate discussion to prove the benefits of family presence in terms of psychological outcomes and avoiding conflicts and violence in acute health care setting. The main rational to keep family members away during several attempts of resuscitation is that family member becomes exposed to high risk of emotional and physical sufferings during the procedure (Zavotsky et al. 2014). However, a contrasting evidence to support the presence of family members explains that they understand that the medical team took all possible steps to bring patients back to life and the complains regarding negligence in the event of death of their family members is reduced. In another way, it can be said that family members often have unrealistic expectations or suspicion about the behind the door resuscitation efforts and all doubts regarding the efforts put by the medical team may be made clear if family members are present during resuscitation efforts (Jabre et al. 2013). One barrier to allowing this new practice in resuscitation is that hospital staffs may not accept this new practice due to increase in emotional stress during the procedure. However, a study do ne to assess the attitude of heath care professional working in Yale New Haven revealed that majority of staffs favored the option of family presence if any staff accompanies the family member to control their action during the procedure (Lederman and Wacht 2014). Hence, if this new procedure needs to be fully implemented in acute care setting, there is a need to work on drafting and implementing a protocol to follow while allowing family presence during resuscitation. Another advantage of family presence during the resuscitation procedure is that patients relative can provide emotional support to patient and help them accept the reality of death. In case of death of patient, family members get the chance to be bid final goodbye to their loved ones and this can reduce suffering caused in the bereavement process. Pathological conditions like mourning or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be minimized in family members by allowing them in the resuscitation. A randomized controlled trial with family members of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation revealed that giving family members the option of witnessing resuscitation efforts significantly reduced the incidence of PTSD compared to standard procedure without family presence. Family members present were also associated with positive psychological outcome (Jabre et al. 2013). Family presence during resuscitation is a debatable topic in health care. However, many recent evidence has pointed out to positive psychological outcomes for family members. While Jabre et al. (2013) pointed out to the impact of family presence in CPR in improving clinical indicator of PTSD, Tazarourte et al. (2014) explained that it reduced complicated grieving in family members after the death of their loved ones during the procedure. One research evidence in particularly is of great importance to develop the argument as it aimed to explore the experiences of those people who were present during a family members resuscitation. It helped to get direct insights about subjective factors that play a role in influencing psychiatric morbidity in family members. The study finding summarized about the theme of being actively involved in the resuscitation process, communication between the family member and the emergency team, perception of the reality of death, experience and reaction of witnessing the the resuscitation. As this argument is mainly focused on the reaction of relative to witnessing resuscitation, the study revealed feeling of relief and being satisfied with the action of the medical team. However, some family members were also affected by the aggressive technique and had a negative memory of viewing the CPR (De Stefano et al. 2016). Therefore, the main conclusion from the study is that positive effect in grieving has been found by offering patients family the choice of witnessing the resuscitation procedure. The above evidence mainly paid attention to the view of family members and health care professionals in allowing patients relative to be present during the resuscitation process. However, one point that is missing is the perception of patients regarding the family presence during the invasive resuscitation procedure. Twibell et al. (2015) mainly paid attention to exploring adult inpatients view of family presence during resuscitation and it mainly revealed that maximum participants favored family presence, however the preference varied across patients according to the nature of family relationship and patients response. This research gave new insight that patients should be involved in deciding whether they would prefer family members presence during the procedure or not. Based on different arguments with support from peer-reviewed research articles, the main conclusion from the essay is that family presence should be allowed during resuscitation considering the positive effect in psychological outcomes, expectations and ethical conflict. To fully implement this option for patients, the future implication for health practice is to establish a full protocol for implementing family presence option in CPR and involving patients in decision making related to family presence. Reference De Stefano, C., Normand, D., Jabre, P., Azoulay, E., Kentish-Barnes, N., Lapostolle, F., Baubet, T., Reuter, P.G., Javaud, N., Borron, S.W. and Vicaut, E., 2016. Family presence during resuscitation: a qualitative analysis from a national multicenter randomized clinical trial.PloS one,11(6), p.e0156100. Hill Jr, R. and Fuhrman, C., 2008. Presence of family members during resuscitation.Annals of emergency medicine,52(3), pp.309-310. Jabre, P., Belpomme, V., Azoulay, E., Jacob, L., Bertrand, L., Lapostolle, F., Tazarourte, K., Bouilleau, G., Pinaud, V., Broche, C. and Normand, D., 2013. Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.New England Journal of Medicine,368(11), pp.1008-1018. Lederman, Z. and Wacht, O., 2014. Family presence during resuscitation: attitudes of Yale-New Haven hospital staff.The Yale journal of biology and medicine,87(1), p.63. Massey, D., Chaboyer, W. and Anderson, V., 2017. What factors influence ward nurses recognition of and response to patient deterioration? An integrative review of the literature.Nursing open,4(1), pp.6-23. Tazarourte, K., Jabre, P., Azoulay, E., Borron, S.W., Belpomme, V., Jacob, L., Bertrand, L., Lapostolle, F., Combes, X., Galinski, M. and Pinaud, V., 2014. Offering the opportunity for family to be present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: 1-year assessment.Intensive care medicine,40(7), pp.981-987. Twibell, R.S., Craig, S., Siela, D., Simmonds, S. and Thomas, C., 2015. Being there: inpatients perceptions of family presence during resuscitation and invasive cardiac procedures.American Journal of Critical Care,24(6), pp.e108-e115. Zavotsky, K.E., McCoy, J., Bell, G., Haussman, K., Joiner, J., Marcoux, K.K., Magarelli, K., Mahoney, K., Maldonado, L., Mastro, K.A. and Milloria, A., 2014. Resuscitation team perceptions of family presence during CPR.Advanced emergency nursing journal,36(4), pp.325-334.

Christmas Carol Essays - English-language Films, Film, British Films

Christmas Carol "A Christmas Carol" by Charles Dickens, is a story that is rich in metaphors that ultimately questions the morals and ethics of the author's society during the time of hislife, the industrial revolutionized society. In the story, the main character, Ebenezer Scrooge, is a greedy, rich accountant who is visited by his old business partner ghost, Jacob Marley. Marley's ghost tells Scrooge that he may face a penalty of becoming a lost soul if he continues to value money more than anything else in his life. He also foretells that Scrooge will be visited by three other ghosts that will give him the chance to redeem himself, and he can break an iron chain of greed that he has woven. Each time a ghost visits Scrooge, he will become more aware of the failures of the society he lives in. The ghosts will also let Scrooge see his contributions to those failures. As Dickens writes the story of the three visits, we are able to out more about Scrooge's inner self-character. We learn this about him as he finds out about his own fellow man and his community. The crux of the story is alluded to in the ingenious metaphors Dickens creeates to illustrate his own reflection on Nineteenth Century society. In the beginning of the story, Scrooge and his assistant Bob Cratchit are working at Scrooge's counting house on a very cold night, Christmas Eve. Scrooge's offices are nearly freezing, because of the dreadful weather. They depend on using coal to keep warm. Scrooge is satisfied with a very small fire that he barely keeps going. More than that he thinks is unnecessary warmth. On the other hand, Bob Cratchit's fire is nothing but one dying morsel of coal. "Scrooge had a very small fire, but his clerk's fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal." The irony in only using a small piece of coal is that they both had two entirely different reasons for not using more coal. Bob Cratchit is Scrooge's impoverished assistant, who can't afford to buy more coal to kindle up warmth in his office. If he had enough money to improve his working condition, he would. On the other hand, Scrooge had more than enough money to buy coal for his office and Bob's. He didn't find that necessary. Dickens makes reference to this as he shows how Scrooge doesn't find it necessary to build up more warmth in his office, or even to offer to keep his assistant's office warm, when he writes "But he (Bob Cratchit) couldn't replenish it (the fire), for Scrooge kept the coal-box in his own room; and so surely as the clerk came in with the shovel, the master predicted that it would be necessary for them to part." The situation is much deeper than it appears. Dickens has not only created a spiteful and stingy character, but he creates a Scrooge whose very body is cold. The fact that Scrooge doesn't mind that his office is cold reveals that he is both physically and mentally a cold person. Throughout literature the use of hot and cold plays as two basic metaphors for love and hate: loneliness. Scrooge doesn't need warmth as a result of being a malevolent and bitter person. He doesn't have family or friends to share his love and heart with, so he developed into a person who was numb to his own warm feelings. The only emotions that are left are the bitter ones he has for his society. Dickens uses Marley's chains as a metaphor as well. We should pay attention to what Marley and Scrooge were known for. Scrooge and Marley were both concerned about their money more than anything else that Dickens writes about. The two were so concerned about earning money, that the two didn't care how they got it. Each of them wanted to be alone. The chains that were "forged in life" by Marley were chains of guilt and sin. These chains were fashioned while Marley made money at other people's expenses, and were linked out of his lack of concern for what he did in life. Marley, like Scrooge, knew well of the poverty most people suffered. Their sins were that they showed no sympathy for unfortunate people. They both hid their sympathy in order to repress their guilt. Dickens writes more about Marley's greed when he describes Marley. "His body transparent: so that Scrooge, observing him, and looking through his waistcoat, could see the two buttons

Assignment For Biochemistry Class Example

Assignment For Biochemistry Class Example Assignment For Biochemistry Class – Assignment Example Assignment for Biochemistry Sugar belongs to the carbohydrates category of biopolymers that interfere in the biological processes in the living bodies (Stick elevated triglycerides and insulin immunity through production of fat within the liver; diabetes from augmented liver glucose production mixed with insulin immunity; and the phenomenon of ageing, induced by damaged DNA, proteins and lipids by nonenzymatic adhering of fructose to them (Lustig, 2010). Thus it can be said that sugar poses similar toxic effects similar to alcohol on liver. As alcohol is obtained by the fermentation of sugar and is said to have similar properties of inducing pleasure although being a natural nutrient (Lustig, Schmidt, and Brindis, 2012).The government should regulate sugar supply but a ban like that imposed on alcohol and cigarettes. However the increased in-take can be limited by imposing taxes and removing subsidies on the over usage of fructose in the processed food items; limiting the availabili ty of fast food to younger people by imposing a complete ban on the sale of such products during school hours and by removing fructose form Generally Regarded As Safe list (Tappy et al, 2010). Yes sugar substitutes like artificial sweeteners are better for consumption as they do not disturb the blood glucose level. ReferencesLustig, R. H. (2010). Fructose: metabolic, hedonic, and societal parallels with ethanol. J AM Diet Assoc. 110, 1307–1321.Lustig, R. H., Schmidt, L. A. and Brindis, C. D. (2012). Public health: The toxic truth about sugar. Nature 482 (7383), 27-29.Muthana, S.M., Campbell, C.T., & Gildersleeve, J. C. (2012). Modifications of Glycans: Biological Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities. ACS Chem Biol. 7(1), 31-43.Stick, R., & Williams, S. (2009). Carbohydrates: The Essential Molecules of Life, 2nd ed. Elsevier. Tappy, L., LÃ ª, K. A., Tran, C., & Paquot, N. (2010). Fructose and metabolic diseases: new findings, new questions. Nutrition 26, 1044–104 9.

Effects of Environmental Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Effects of Environmental Pollution - Essay Example This paper analyses these effects with regard to air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution noise pollution, light pollution as well litter pollution. Environmental pollution presents both physical and biological effects. Physical effects of pollution are those that we can see. Nonetheless, they sometimes include environmental effects that do not cause physical damage. Biological effects on the other hand, are the most serious effect of environmental pollution. More than often, pollution has induced harmful biological effects on human health, and on the food chains of animals, marines and other living organisms. Thus, pollution can lead to a serious disruption of the balance of nature. In some extreme instances, pollution has caused death of human beings, both directly and indirectly. At this juncture, it is important to analyze the effects associated with each individual form of environmental pollution. The first and most prominent form of environmental pollution is air pollutio n. It refers to the introduction of chemicals and other biological material in the atmosphere. Air pollution causes harm and discomfort to human beings and other living organisms as well. ... Other health effects attributable to air pollution include asthma, reduced energy levels, headaches and dizziness, disruption of the endocrine and immune systems, cardiovascular disorders as well as neurobehavioral disorders. According to the World health organization, close to three million deaths worldwide can be directly attributed to air pollution (Hill 82). Chlorofluorocarbons emitted in the air are also known to cause severe damage by depleting the ozone layer hence contributing to global warming. Consequently, global warming has presented more adverse effects on humanity. Global warming refers to ecological as well as social changes which have transpired as a result of a rise in global temperatures. The global warming has caused a plethora of adverse effects on human health. Scientists have evidence that global warming has generally the escalated prevalence of certain diseases is intricately interlinked to global warming. In this regards, the soaring deaths due to diseases suc h as diarrhea, malaria and dengue fever have been attributed to the adverse effects of global warming. Secondly, we have water pollution. This refers to the contamination of water bodies. In most cases, water pollution occurs when various pollutants are directly of indirectly released into the water bodies. It is also caused by the disposal of industrial waste products into lakes, rivers, oceans and other water bodies. Acid rain is also another palpable contributor of water pollution. This has adverse effects on both plants and water-dwelling organism besides human beings. According to Hill (63), water pollution is known to cause an estimated fourteen thousand death per day. Most of these occur as a result of direct

Bullying Causes School Violence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Bullying Causes School Violence - Research Paper Example Bullying involves â€Å"a person’s or a group’s intentional and hurtful action towards one person or more than one person and involves a complex interplay of dominance and social status† (Sutton, Smith, & Swettenham, 1999). Physical violence, slander, and verbal intimidation are just of the few manifestations of bullying. Incidence of bullying are so prevalent in schools that a national estimate of more than 1.5 million students bullying and being bullied on a weekly basis in the United States (Nansel et. al., 2001). By surveying more than 15, 000 students in grades 6 through 10, the researchers found that one in seven students is either a bully or victim. This research was also supported by different self-methodological reports which generally yields that a wide range of bullying prevalence estimated with as many as 75% of youth reported that they are being the target of peer harassment at least occasionally (Olweus, 1993; Cowie & Dawn, 2004; and Sanders & Phye, 2004). Such harassment may include physical contact, verbal assault, making obscene gestures or facial expressions, and being intentionally excluded. Although numerous programs have been created to decrease the violence and harassment occurring at school, there are indications from numerous studies that provide startling results about the frequency of bullying in schools. Such statistics suggest that bullying is quite common and not decreasing (Olweus, 1991; Glew et. al., 1997, and Bradley & Daniels, 2011). Because of this, there is a need to examine the implications of aggression, violence, and bullying among children and young adults across the country. Reactive and Proactive Bullying Because of the growing concerns of the prevalence of bullying in schools, researchers have begun to distinguish... This report approves that bullying is a serious matter involving a substantial number of students. No one knows at this point exactly what caused students such as Charles Andrew Williams, Eric Harris, Dylan Klebold, and Cho Seung-Hui others to shoot and kill their fellow students at school, but bullying is frequently mentioned as a possible contributor. The report released by U.S. Secret service that two thirds of school shootings have been caused by attackers who experienced bullying clearly showed how grave the bullying climate at US schools is. This essay makes a conclusion that bullying may be a barrier that impedes effectiveness of teaching, the primary mission of school personnel, yet recent studies found that evidence-based, whole-school approaches to bullying are rarely implemented in elementary schools. Implementing anti-bullying interventions in the elementary years, before bullying becomes a part of school culture, might improve schools’ ability to carry out their educational mission by improving students’ ability to focus on learning and establishing an atmosphere of respect early on. Well-conducted, comprehensive bullying prevention programs can be effective in reducing the number of bullying incidents and creating a climate that discourages bullying behavior. We should begin to look at bullying as a behavior fraught with inherent violence that can contribute to a horrific cycle of mayhem and at its worst, death of school children in the country. The information presented in this paper provides additional evidence of the need for elementary school personnel to implement bullying prevention programs, not only to prevent school shootings but also to prevent potential barriers to providing education: student feelings of lack of safety, belonging, and sadness.

The Development of Maiolica across Islam and Christian Cultures Research Paper

The Development of Maiolica across Islam and Christian Cultures - Research Paper Example Anthropology, and more importantly archaeology which is a sub-field of anthropology studies the material culture of human civilization. Pottery is one of the more important material possessions for studying ancient cultures because in areas where pottery is found ways exist to date the area, study the meanings of symbols by what is on the pottery, and to discover something about the way in which pottery represents the living culture of that society. Maiolica pottery exists across Islam and Christian cultures. Maiolica is tin-glazed earthenware ceramic that is made opaque because there is an addition of tin oxide in the lead glaze foundation or in its background coat. Lead is no longer used making ceramics because it is an unsafe product. Maiolica has a dense, white glassy covering which does not become liquid when fired. This means that the decorations do not become runny or blurred on the whitish background. When the ceramic piece is fired at a low temperature the decorations become set and the piece has a unique white glow that comes from the tin oxide in the lead glaze (Mussachio 9). Maiolica was transported to Pisa via Majorca, which is likely how the pottery got its name. It was brought in by the Spanish Moors who brought the technique to the Italians in about the 14th century. The first evidence of this technology comes from around the 9th century Baghdad. Islamic pottery of this type began to spread by the 11th century and was used in buildings that were both religious and civic (Figure 1). The Crusaders likely introduced the pottery in Europe as a symbol of their victory over the ‘pagans’.... Eventually this change in trend dominated the pottery market in Europe for more than three hundred years. Figure 1. Friday Mosque of Herat, Afghanistan (Wikipedia). The first complex intended for the production of maiolica was found in Syria from the 8th century BCE. Other centers of ceramic pottery production from Islamic nations include Fustat from 975 until 1075, Damascus from 1100 until 1600 and Tabriz from 1470 until 1550. The addition of the metallic luster occurred in about 850 BCE in Mesopotamia and became spread across the Islamic nations in the 10th century up to the Iberian Peninsula. This technique comes from putting copper or silver into the oxide which is then mixed with ocher and applied to the enameled or glazed surface (Fuga 246). The development of maiolica comes from Islamic attempts to reproduce Chinese porcelain, but they did not have the technology to make their pottery using the high temperatures needed to create porcelain (Cooper 84) (Figure 2). Figure 2 East Persian Maiolica, 10th Century (Wikipedia). The effect of tin-glaze over pottery was an adaptation of the Egyptian use of the clear glaze, but had been invented a thousand years earlier by the Babylonians who had only used it on top of their bricks as there is no evidence of it being used on ceramic pots (Cooper 86). One of the reasons that maiolica was used in Islam households was that the use of precious metals and finery on the table was forbidden from the text of the Qur’an. This use of ornate looking pieces made from ordinary materials overcame this command from the Islamic holy book (Italian Pottery Journal). Figure 3 Hispano-Moresque Maiolica 13th Century

Impact of Economy on Low Income Communities

Impact of Economy on Low Income Communities 1. Introduction This assignment is about increasing inequality and its impact on low income communities. Measurement of the distribution of income that between individuals or households, making most of the income in a given country and those making very little. I will give out the real example and real cases refer to the Malaysia. Answer the entire assignment question. Question 1 1.1 Opinion According to the scenario income inequality increasing in US due to the various variations particularly the high impact of technology involvement in different sectors. The sudden technological development brings the big gap between high income communities and low income communities. According to the census reports income inequality is decreased during 1947 to 1968 by7 .5%. Whereas during 1969 to 1009 the trend is different so this is the big trend due to the technology growth in various sectors (Bligh, Philip, 2004) On this aspect organizations are looking high knowledge and high skill people and providing high income so the educated with high skill are achieving high income. So that the organization growth also increasing. To avoid the above situations the organization authorities as well as governments introduce schemes, policies to reduce the gap between high income community and low income community (Gentle, Michael, 2011) So the government must provide proper educational support, trainings to motivate the low income communities to reach better position. The other opinion the government also implements schemes to provide household items to satisfy the low income communities so that it will reduce the differences from high income communities (Wilkinson, Harry, 2010) 1.2 Real Causes Labor market situation is one of the cause because products producing with high technology so that organizations provided high wages opportunities. This technological change trend is due to global competition affect so there is a big variation in wage systems in Malaysia (Peel, Jeffrey, 2008) The second cause is due to the social issues impacted towards income inequality influenced low income communities. The Malaysia social issues also influence organization developments and growth so that the organization authorities emphasize on technological change to produce products according to the international standards. The income inequality along with social causes translates life styles of individuals in low income communities at Malaysia is a big impact because the low income communities not affordable the household things as per living system (Stephen, Robbins Neil Barnwell, 2006) The third cause is due to the race issue, wealth, identity and location influencing the income inequality impacts on low income communities Malaysia. The race discrimination impact is more so that there is a big gap between high income communities and low income communities at Malaysia. The income inequality with its economic variations due to gender is the major cost (David, 2009) 1.3 Real examples Figure 1 shows the Malaysia income inequality stands at 46.21%, this indicates the income inequality is an issue because of race issue. Malaysia is strong in tourism and manufacturing sectors but still due the race discrimination influencing the income inequality so it’s a big impact on low income communities (Bligh, Philip, 2004) Figure 1: Malaysia inequality Source: www.economic Planning.pdf Figure 2 sows the income inequality due to different race situations at its effects. The income inequality is also creating the social balance in Malaysia. This is also affecting the economic condition in Malaysia (Wilkinson, Harry, 2010) Figure 2: Coefficient of Malaysia Source: www.economic Planning.pdf The Malaysia income inequality towards low income community must solve because to controls the social impacts labor market issues and low income community wealth point of view so the government authorities to take action with proper budget allocate to provide education, training to low income community. So it is understands that the gap must be solve because to reduce social problems among low income communities. It also helps the low income community wealth and health of living styles and environment. Muziliza, (2012) Malaysia putrajaya must stop being in denial about wealth inequality and realise that hardship and poverty are also fuelling corruption, said the Sultan of Perak, Sultan Nazrin Shah, he said the low earnings of a vast majority of households and noted that those struggling to make ends meet were exposed to petty corruption. Farhana R (2013)Coloured discourse on inequality in Malaysia, It was quite a clever title putting the right undertone to a heavily coloured discourse on inequality in Malaysia. Imbalances and inequality that have resulted in the past, persisted over time, or even taken different shapes and sizes, is very much felt on the ground, even if we don’t know enough to call it inequality the same way inequality is studied by academics and policy makers across the globe. Question 2 2.1 Community Organizers Importance The community organizers role is important to understand (Wilkinson, Harry, 2010) growing issues. Because the organizers must be supports to the governments to organize a schemes, programs and other method to supports the low income community groups. (Stephen, Robbins Neil Barnwell, 2006) The organizers collect the proper information from the industrial authorities to encourage the low income communities towards improving skills and knowledge so that the low income group differences will be reduced form high income groups communities. (Bligh, Philip, 2004) Community organizers also change the environment by understanding individually, group so that it brings big changes with support of government policies and regulations. So the major requirement is education as a prime development for low income group (Peel, Jeffrey, 2008) Question 3 3.1 To know about the impact of these changes? As per the scenario the community organizers identify the issue clearly develop proper plan to solve the impact on the changes. Even though the manufacturer provided proper resource to retailing the workforce but the wage impact is an issue so the agencies as well as organizational authorities must be implement to support work force in terms of cost of living by providing subsidy system.(Wilkinson, Harry, 2010) The manufacture authorities are the responsible to support workforce wage imbalance for living style so that must provide proper discount price products for workforce. In addition to that encourage the workforce to increase production by issuing incentives (Gentle, Michael, 2011) 3.2 what is being done to address? Address towards community organizers are also responsible to identify the issues as method above impacts on low income communities such as gender discrimination. The gender discrimination also brings a big wage gap between the groups. So the community organizers identify the issues to organize tops with government authorities, organization authorities to simplify the issues. Community organizer also identify the current situation in U.S on the gap to solve by proper organization authorizes implementing support systems through organizing a special trainings to improve towards technological skills so that it will helps to the low income community groups. 3.3 Who would you talk? U.S government are the major responsible to raise of income inequality, so the authorities must identify the strategy of income distribution, identify the labor mobility, identify the technology change like skills based approach identify the high income group inequalities and inequality geographically as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3: Inequality status globally Source:http://www. http://www.businessinsider.com/why-income-inequality The governments are the responsible to measure the differences at various levels in income distribution and its weakness for example gender differences in inequalities is affected towards women community. So the governments are the responsible to argue with organization on minimum wage affects towards women services at different levels. 4. Conclusion In this assignment conclusion community organizer approach must understands that the income inequality impacts low income community is due to various factors such as political , economic, technological , social and ethical issues, so the community organizers request authorities are to identify the issues such as technological must support to the low income community to bring up better position in wealth. 5. References Foss, M Bryan, M (2012), International Global Services, London; Milford, CT: Kogan Page,pp12-325. Gentle, K Michael, G (2011), Globalization Behavior Principles handbook: building realistic expectations and managing Risk. London: Kogan Page, pp45-121. David, C (2009), Introduction Global Environment Boston, MA: Springer, pp9-126. BusinessDictionary.com, (2014). What is income inequality? definition and meaning. [online] Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/income-inequality.html [Accessed 6 Oct. 2014]. Stephen P Robbins and Neil Barnwell, R (2006), Global Environment Theory, Australia: Pearson Education, pp12-276 Bligh, B Philip. U (2004), Global Environment Policies, Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, pp23-62. Muziliza, (2012) Malaysia putrajaya must stop being in denial about wealth inequality and realise that hardship and poverty are also fuelling corruption, from: http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article. Farhana R (2013). Coloured discourse on inequality in Malaysia, It was quite a clever title putting the right undertone to a heavily coloured (racial) discourse on inequality in Malaysia. From http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/books/article/coloured-discourse-on-inequality-in-malaysia

Stories Told Halfway :: Personal Narrative Sleeping Papers

Stories Told Halfway When I was sick I slept all day, in the shifting patch of sun on my bed. I woke up after fourteen hours and I saw that I had taken Sleep into me. And I thought, I understand why they called Sleep a god, why they gave him a face. If you sleep long enough, you let him in. You can feel the way he lifts your limbs and lets them fall again till they learn to hang, loosely, just so. You can feel the way his hands push down on the back of your neck, gently, and the lazy halo he brushes over the crown of your head with his fingers. You can understand why today he likes Sun, who paints a quiet coat of warmth onto your faded yellow sheets. You can feel him blink and stretch and curl up softly and let Sun paint him golden. And you can also understand why mostly he likes Night, who comes more quietly, dressed in cool gowns, trailing her nets and nets of stars to trap him in. You can see through his eyes, when you have just woken. Things come into your understanding slowly and you are content t o know them only halfway. You do not struggle for meaning. You can see how he blurs shapes into roundness. You can see how he breathes out quiet through you where you go, and you know he is there in the sleepy tilt of your head. And the people around you, when you have just woken, will see Sleep smiling in the lazy lines of your walk. This is Nick's favorite dream: He was being chased. He was all fear. He ran until he started to run on four legs. He felt the spring and the power and the motion that is a wolf running. It was daytime, morning. He followed a rough trail that wove through the woods. He ran and it was not strange. He did not even stop to think, I am a wolf. Only he was. The trail turned cleaner, shafts of new white light urging him on to the east. He was not feeling afraid anymore. He hadn't for a long time. The chase fell away and he was just running, all motion and speed. He came to a place deep in the forest where the trees were narrow and dense.

Hermaphrodites and Society Essay

Individuals are given the gift of life when they are born into this world. Many agree that everyone is blessed and should not take their lives for granted. To be truly alive, individuals must be overjoyed and pursue happiness. However, others would describe their lives as a joke. To be precise, many would be ashamed of who they are. A very strong example of an ashamed soul would be Calliope, the main protagonist of Middlesex by Jeffrey Eugenides. In the story, Eugenides tells the tale of Callie, who is supposedly a monster because she is a hermaphrodite. Being a hermaphrodite indicates that someone has the sex organs associated with both genders. By definition, Callie is an abnormal freak. Eugenides employs literary devices, such as tone, imagery, and personification, to express Callie’s shame and humiliation of being herself. Eugenides employs imagery to transport readers into Callie’s shoes and understand her shame of being a hermaphrodite. Callie describes herself as â€Å"being surrounded by illuminating faces bent over books, her hair covering the definition of herself. Normal individuals surround Callie, and she abruptly conceals the word monster to prevent anyone from realizing her true identity. In Callie’s point of view, normal individuals surround her, and she is in the center covering a secret that could ultimately ruin her reputation as a human. Callie is so frightened of being exposed to the world as a true monster. Callie makes a past reference of how she had experienced monster before. Callie addresses that â€Å"she was not looking at it in her bathroom stall. † She has the affirmation that someone had already known her as a monster, but she was too afraid to agree. Now, however, Callie is reminded of her past, and sadly acquaints past and present to reach the conclusion the she is indeed a monster. Callie also refers to herself as a â€Å"lumbering, shaggy creature pausing at the edge of the woods, as a humped convolvulus rearing its dragon’s head from an icy lake. † Callie truly visualizes herself as an actual monster, a freak of nature that is shunned by the world and lives in absolute seclusion. In her eyes, she is a grotesque beast that cannot even stand to stare at herself out of humiliation and shame. Callie is absolutely alone and is surrounded by others who look at her with disgust and wide eyes. Eugenides utilizes tone in the story to help readers develop sympathy and pity towards Callie. All throughout the passage, the tone of the story is serious. Callie acknowledges that â€Å"her mother was crying in the next room, and the doctors were working on Callie’s disease in secret. † The statements convey that Callie’s parents are also disappointed and ashamed of what their daughter has become. Callie understands that her mother sheds tears thinking what she has done to deserve a defected daughter. Callie’s parents are so ashamed and overwhelmed that they took Callie to New York to try and heal in secret instead of in the open. Callie’s parents do not want others to see what has happened to her out of concern for their daughter’s social life as a normal individual. The thoughts and emotions expressed give readers pity towards Callie and her condition. Callie muses that â€Å"she longed to be held, caressed, which was impossible. † Callie wishes to be comforted and surrounded by others that loved and understood her. Unfortunately, Callie views herself so much like a monster rather than an individual that she is too far long to be comforted by anyone. Readers infer that Callie is a freak with no friends, family, or loved ones. Eugenides also uses personification to display how Callie views the inhumane objects around her as also excluding her from humanity and pushing her towards being a monster. Callie enunciates that â€Å"fear is stabbing me. † Callie feels horrible about her discovery of being a hermaphrodite; she actually visualizes fear around her. Callie feels frightened and vulnerable to the thought of others singling her out and chanting the monster. Callie cannot even comprehend what she feels, but can only implore she is engulfed by fear and incapable of accepting her secret getting out. This also expresses Callie’s extreme shame of being who she is, as well as how others will view her as a non –human. Callie comments on the chain within the dictionary as â€Å"speaking of poverty, mistrust, inequality, and decadence as she held onto it. † Callie establishes a connection between herself and the chain as both being bound to the worst parts of human lives. Callie strongly grasps the word monster in her hand, as if she is bound to it like the chain is. Callie cannot detach herself because deep in her heart, she understands that she is a monster, no matter how much she wishes not to be. As Callie leaves the Reading Room, Callie also cannot release the word monster from herself. Callie appeals that â€Å"the Webster’s dictionary kept calling after her, Monster, Monster! † Callie is so attached and strongly understands herself as a monster that she hears the word everywhere she goes. No matter where Callie goes, the word monster will always haunt and pursue her, always reminding her of what she is. Callie interprets the chants of inanimate objects calling her monster, and she cannot help but feel ashamed and humiliated to be reminded of what she is. Calliope, all throughout the passage, is a hermaphrodite and a monster. A world of normal individuals surrounds Callie and do not understand what she is. Eugenides uses literary devices, such as imagery, tone, and personification to express Callie’s shame and humiliation of being herself. To be alive is truly a blessing, but is being abnormal in the eyes of peers a curse? Everywhere, there are individuals who are terrified and alone, and sometimes, no one comes to help them. Regardless of who they are, or whether they may be different, everyone belongs. No one is a monster.

Free Essays on The Existence Of God

The argument of God’s existence has been going on from somewhere around early civilization. This argument has been raged between philosophers, scientists, and many others for centuries, but anyone making this argument clearly has little idea about what God really is. One thing I have noticed is that every philosopher argues for or against the definition of God given by Catholics/Christians. That is, God is a supreme spiritual being who is the creator of the universe, yet is everywhere, and can see everything; he is all knowing and forgiving. Plato definition of God is a craftsman that governs the universe. Aristotle’s version of God is not a personal being like we find in Christian tradition. His God performs no more acts of will or love than gravity. Aquinas’s God has inapprehensible divine essence, which is identical to his existence, and he directs all natural things to their end. Descartes God is an infinite perfect being that causes all effects including ideas. Hume on the other hand argues, that the cause of the finite world is unlimited, and only needs to be as great as it’s effect. Therefore, Hume does not believe there is enough evidence to conclude that there is a God. Throughout my life I have always questioned Catholicism, and what others take on as blind faith in God. We all know that someday we will die (physically), but we deny what may or may not happen to us after death. It’s far easier for humans to accept that we just die, or go to a safe place (heaven) than to question the existence of a superior being. Knowing all of this we still end up questioning the creation of humanity, the religious teachings provided by our parents, our church and our society. During this paper we will examine the many rational arguments for and against the existence of God. It is based on the views of some of the great philosophers of our world. COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENTS is that someone or something must h... Free Essays on The Existence Of God Free Essays on The Existence Of God The argument of God’s existence has been going on from somewhere around early civilization. This argument has been raged between philosophers, scientists, and many others for centuries, but anyone making this argument clearly has little idea about what God really is. One thing I have noticed is that every philosopher argues for or against the definition of God given by Catholics/Christians. That is, God is a supreme spiritual being who is the creator of the universe, yet is everywhere, and can see everything; he is all knowing and forgiving. Plato definition of God is a craftsman that governs the universe. Aristotle’s version of God is not a personal being like we find in Christian tradition. His God performs no more acts of will or love than gravity. Aquinas’s God has inapprehensible divine essence, which is identical to his existence, and he directs all natural things to their end. Descartes God is an infinite perfect being that causes all effects including ideas. Hume on the other hand argues, that the cause of the finite world is unlimited, and only needs to be as great as it’s effect. Therefore, Hume does not believe there is enough evidence to conclude that there is a God. Throughout my life I have always questioned Catholicism, and what others take on as blind faith in God. We all know that someday we will die (physically), but we deny what may or may not happen to us after death. It’s far easier for humans to accept that we just die, or go to a safe place (heaven) than to question the existence of a superior being. Knowing all of this we still end up questioning the creation of humanity, the religious teachings provided by our parents, our church and our society. During this paper we will examine the many rational arguments for and against the existence of God. It is based on the views of some of the great philosophers of our world. COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENTS is that someone or something must h...

The Battle of Khaybar Essays

The Battle of Khaybar Essays The Battle of Khaybar Paper The Battle of Khaybar Paper Essay on the Battle of Khaybar The Battle of Khandaq, which took place two years after the Battle of Uhud, is one of the important battles that had an important role in eliminating the barriers blocking the development of Islam. This occured in the year 629 between Muhammad and his followers against the Jews living in the oasis of Khaybar, located 150 kilometers (95 miles) from Medina in the north-western part of the Arabian peninsula, in modern-day Saudi Arabia. Ahzab is another name for the Battle of Khandaq, which was given this name due to the trenches (khandaqs) dug around Madinah upon the order of the Messenger of God in order to stop the attack of the enemy easily. The name Ahzab (groups) was given to the battle because along with he Qurayshi polytheists, Jews, Ghatafans and many other Arab tribes and groups came together in order to attack Madinah. As it can be remembered, the Messenger of God had expelled Sons of Nadr, one of the Jewish tribes, from Madinah. They had gone to the north and settled in important places like Khaybar, Damascus and Wadi’l-Qura. They wanted to relieve the suffering they felt because of being expelled from Madinah by talking against the Prophet and Islam wherever they went and by provoking people against Muslims. One of the incidents that Sons of Nadr Jews caused to happen through their provocation, encouragement and leading is the Battle fo Khandaq. As, the Prophet had signed the treaty of Hudaybiyah with the Quraysh, he was not worried about the attack. He wanted now to teach the Jews of Khyber a lesson they wont forget because they were continuously intriguing against the Muslims and trying to destroy them. Their last try was at the battle of the Trench when they stirred their allies of Ghatafan to side with them against the Muslims, even thought they didn’t fight at the battle, they still had an important hand in lighting it up. So the Prophet decided to put an end to all their tries and go to Khyber and bring it down.

What Was the Connection Between Globalisation And the 'Third Wave of Essay

What Was the Connection Between Globalisation And the 'Third Wave of Democracy' - Essay Example This essay declares that globalization increases the potential mobility of financial capital, real investments, goods and services, and to a more limited extent, highly skilled labour. He argued that consequently, mobile economic actors are better able to avoid undesirable state regulations, or to profit from ones that are more advantageous. Thus, he said that â€Å"to the extent that countries depend on these actors, or on the resources they control, they are forced into a competition for locational advantage that has all the characteristics of a Prisoner’s Dilemma game, and that reduces the capacity of the territorial state to shape the conditions under which capitalist economies must operate. This paper makes a conclusion that the relations between them is complex, hence one could not be taken lightly hence it could not simply be said the globalization promotes democracy. As we have seen globalization could restrict nations dream for autonomy as democratic institutions. This must not be surprising as what could be observed of democracies returning to authoritarianism. What then is the relation between the two is governing by old contradictions between economic and politics. Since they politics and economics belong to different fields, so are globalization and democratization. These could not just be put together as one to influencing the other without really conducting further studies

Inresume and cover letter, find a job opening that looks interesting, Case Study

Inresume and cover letter, find a job opening that looks interesting, and then write a resume and cover letter for that job. Start by read the following in ProQuest - Case Study Example In this case, I find it fun and fulfilling to integrate new systems while working with my team members, which is challenging although the benefits enhance seamless and productive flow of work in an organization. In addition, I have managed to acquire management skills that enhance me to engage in a proactive management style, which provides me with essential communication skills to enhance teamwork. I am assiduous in staying up-to-date and maintaining a grasp on accounting information and knowledge. Hence, I undertake courses that enhance my ability in using the essential technology that are crucial in accounting. Therefore, I am proficient in Oracle, Hyperion, Ms. Excel, and SAP accounting programs. Moreover, I am a qualified accountant and registered with the ICA. I will pass this expertise to your company and ensure that your company benefited from the skills and knowledge that I have gained over time, which will ensure a positive outcome. I am look forward to this new challenge offered by your company. You can call me on [Your Number] or write to me on [email address] and I will be glad to discuss any other issue. I have gained the ability to carry out successful planning, implementation, maintenance, and management of financial tools and processes, which includes the processes of efficient training and integration of the systems in an

Natural disasters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Natural disasters - Essay Example Earthquakes manifest themselves on the surface of the earth by shaking and at times displacing the ground. There is a long history of seismic activity and earthquakes in Japan .Japan is a region characterized by high seismicity due to its location which is near main tectonic plate borders and is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire. Geologically the Japanese islands are as a consequence of many big oceanic movements taking place more than hundreds of millions of years ago. Originally Japan was attached to the Eurasian continent’s eastern coast. Since the Eurasian plates were less deep than the subducting plates, Japan was pulled eastwards forming the Sea of japan about fifteen million years ago (Smits,2014). Whereas on 23 August 416, an earthquake is mentioned in Yamato(present day Nara the Prefecture) initial earthquake to be dependably recorded occurred on28 May,599 in Nara prefecture ,during Empress Suiko’s reign, damaging buildings through the entire Yamato province. Several other historical accounts of earthquakes occurrences exist and with the creation of Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee in 1892, systematic collation of all available data was conducted and in 1899 published. The committee was suspended in 1923 after the occurrence of the Kanto earthquake and in 1925 and the Earthquake Research Institute superseded it (Clancey, 2006). The Kanto earthquake that occurred in 1923 is one of the deadliest in the history of Japan claiming about 105,385 deaths, whereas the Tohuku earthquake in 2011 is the costliest (USD 235 billion) and strongest earthquake on record. It is also the most costly natural disaster to occur globally to date. There are numerous other earthquakes that have occurred and have been recorded in the history of Japan. Nevertheless, the Tohuku earthquake of 11th march 2011 is the strongest in

Socialization Definition Essay Example for Free

Socialization Definition Essay Socialization: Lifelong (process) social experience by which people develop their human potential learn culture Personality: A persons fairly consistent patterns of acting, thinking and feeling The social Sciences: The role of Nurture * Psychologist John B Watson developed a theory called behaviorism, which holds that behaviour is not instinctive but learned. (Nature not nurture) * Nurture is our nature Studies of non human primates * Psychologist Harry and Margaret placed rhesus monkeys (surprisingly there behaviour is same as humans) in various conditions of social isolation – * They found that complete isolation for 6 months seriously disturbs the monkey’s development * Infant monkeys in cages with an artificial mother made of wire with wooden head – they survived by could not interact with others when placed in a group. * Harlow’s concluded it is important that adults cradle infants affectionately. * Infants monkey could recover from about three months of isolation – 3 months+ cause serious damage Studies of isolated children * Anna died at the age of 10 with a blood disorder. * Isabelle spoke around 2000 words. At the age of 14 she was in grade 6. * Genie abused by her parents. She was tied to a potty chair at the age of 2. She lives with adults. Sigmund Freud’s Elements of Personality Lived in Vienna at times when most Europeans considered human behaviour to be biologically fixed. Trained as a physician, Freud gradually turned to the study of personally and mental disorders. Basic Human Needs * Biology plays a major role in human development * Humans have two basic needs that are present at birth: * 1st sexual and emotional bonding (which is called life instinct) * 2nd death instinct or thanatos (Greek: death) * These opposing forces, operating at an unconscious level create deep inner tensions Freud’s Model of Personality * Freud combined basic needs the influence of society into a model of personality with 3 parts: * id (Latin word for It) – represents the human beings basic drive, which are unconscious demand immediate satisfaction. id is present at birth (newborn demand attention, touching and food). Society oppose the self centered id which is why the first words a child learns is no. * Ego (Latin word for I) – A persons conscious efforts to balance innate pleasure – seeking drives with the demands of society. This develops are we become aware of ourselves and at the same time realize that we cannot have everything we want. * Superego (Latin meaning above or beyond ego) – Is the cultural values and norms internalized by an individual. Tells us why we cannot have everything we want. This begins to form as a child becomes aware of parental demands and matures when a child understands everyone’s behaviour should take account cultural norms. BALANCE Freud’s Model of Personality id: The human beings basic drives| Ego: a person’s conscious efforts to balance innate pleasure – seeking drives with demands of society| Superego: the cultural values and norms internalized by an individual | Personality Development * If conflicts are not solved during childhood, they may surface as personality disorders later on * Culture in the form of superego, contains selfish demands – look beyond their own desires * Sublimation – redirects selfish drives into socially acceptable behaviour: Marriage = Sex / Sports = anger What are the three elements in Freud’s Model of personality? Explain how each one operates. Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development   Swiss psychologist studied human cognition – how people think and understand. (4 stages) * The sensorimotor stage: the level of human development at which individuals experience the world only though their senses. About 2 years – infant only knows the world through 5 senses. * The pre operational stage (enter at age 2): The level of human development at which individuals first use language and other symbols. In this stage, children begin to think about the world mentally and use imagination. (Toy as their fav but cannot explain what kinds of toys they like). They cannot judge size, weight, or volume. ( water cup example, age 5) * The concrete operational stage: the level of human development at which individuals first see causal connections in their surroundings. Around age 7-11 children focus on things and why they happen and also attach one more symbol to it. ( My birthday and Monday) * The formal operational stage: the level of human development at which individuals think abstractly and critically. Around age 12 young people begin to reason in depth. (Teacher and a job that helps others) Sensorimotor stage: the level of human development at which individuals experience the world only through (5) senses | Pre operational stage: The level of human development at which individuals first use language and other symbols | Concrete operational stage: the level of human development at which individuals first see causal connections in their surroundings | Formal operational stage:The level of human development at which individuals think abstractly and critically| What are Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development? What does his theory teach us about socialization? Lawrence Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development (moral reasoning) * Pre conventional – how people judge situations as right or wrong (child grabs something shiny on the table CP) – individual needs * Conventional Level 2nd stage – appears by teen years. People tend to lose their selfishness. (stealing to help and stealing a ipad are different) * Post conventional level 3rd stage – people move beyond their society norms to consider abstract ethical principles. They think of freedom or justice. (Rosa Parks and racial injustice) What are Kohlberg’s three stages of moral development? What does his theory teach us about socialization? Carol Gilligan’s Theory of Gender and Moral Development * Compared the moral development of girls and boys = 2 genders use different standards of rightness * Boys: Justice perspective – formal rules to define right and wrong (stealing is wrong) Girls: care responsibility perspective – judging situation with a personal relationship (stealing to feed) * Rule based male reasoning as superior to the Pearson based female approach * Young girls start eager and confident but there self esteem slips away as they pass through adolescence * Why? because of socialization of girls According to Gilligan, how do boys and girls differ in their approach to understating right and wrong? Self: the part of an individual’s personality composed of self awareness and self image George Herbert Mead’s Theory of the Social Self * Developed a theory of social behaviourism to explain how social experience develops an individual’s personality * Meads central concept: The self.   * First: the self is not their at birth: it develops. Mead rejected the idea that personality is guided by biological drives (Freud said it is). * Second: self develops only with social experience, as people interact with others. Without interaction, the body grows but no self emerges. * Third: social: experience is the exchange of symbols. (we attach meaning with wave of hand, smile) * Fourth: seeking meaning leads us to imagine the intentions of others. * Fifth: understanding intention requires imagining the situation from the others point of view. (how someone will catch a ball we throw) – taking the role of the other)

The Works of Andy Warhol Essay -- Andy Warhol Essays

The Pop Arts' movement began in the late 50's and early 60's. Dubbed, the founding father of the movement, Andy Warhol brought forward society's obsession with mass culture and allowed it to become the subject of art itself. Using many techniques such as isolation, repetition and colour placement, Warhol brought to the world of art his views on materialism, politics, economics and the media. Andy was quick to warn his admirers and critics, ?do not look any deeper than the surface of my art and my life' (Bockris 21). Andy Warhol produced works that defied the popular notion of what art should be. Warhol's works were meant to be taken at face value, for nothing more than what they portrayed on the surface. While he stressed this superficial attitude about his art, his works were often the cause of debate and influenced public opinion like no other cultural figure in North America ( Shanes 5 ). Through his series with common images, celebrities and death, Warhol teaches us that surface images have a lot to say about pop culture. By exploring and learning more about the artist who opened so many doors in the art world, one can see why looking at the surface of his works often meant seeing and understanding so much more about the society in which we live. Warhol's Campbell's soup cans are arguably some of his most famous works. Warhol wanted us to look at the simple image of the can for what it represented to our culture. He challenged "old fashioned" critics to overcome their ideas of art as complex and incomprehensible by using simple, common images. Warhol's selection of the soup can may be the most important part of the work he did with them. He wanted to display his view of America and to him eating Campbell's soup represented being American. Andy wanted to explore these common images that are part of our everyday lives, which we accept without hesitation. In his painting 32 Soup Cans ( Shanes 53 ), one can note his prominent use of repetition. Warhol often used this technique to magnify the appearance of objects produced mechanically in large quantities. By choosing 32 different varieties of cans Warhol was forcing the viewer to look hard and study his painting to see the difference between each can. He made us realize the way in which we looked at art, always carefully examining and looking for a deeper, hidden meaning beneath the surface. On the outsi... ...e Electric Chairs, Electric Chair ( Gidal 36 ) the object, the chair is the focal point of the piece. We are in no way confused about the message of the painting. In true Warhol style, it is not necessary to search for a deep meaning. The appearance of emptiness and loneliness is immediately visible. The only words in the picture, ?silence', are taken in subconsciously. The well chosen image makes a statement in itself. The success of Warhol's work during the sixties made him an immensely popular artist. At first glance Warhol's images appear to be simple. But, it is that simplicity that allowed these images to have such a huge visual impact when the viewer could associate with them. Warhol exemplified the meaning of Pop Art. Though his works may be simple and surface oriented we can see that Warhol had a very accurate understanding of pop culture. He used imagery from popular culture as a means of criticizing contemporary society. His images and ideas were all easily accessible for the audience. Emerging as arguably the most famous American artist, Andy Warhol opened up many important doors and minds in the art world which modern artists are still benefitting from today.

Free College Admissions Essays: Im a Little Too Perfect! :: College Admissions Essays

I'm a Little Too Perfect! Â   I work tirelessly in many academic and leadership roles. I sleep no more than three hours a night because of my desire to expertly meet my many commitments. Throughout my life, I have worked as long and as hard as I possibly can to effect beneficial changes in both school and society. Â   During the summer of tenth grade, I took a number theory course at Johns Hopkins University with students from Alaska, California, and Bogota, Colombia. Similarly, during the summer following eleventh grade, I was one of ninety students from New Jersey selected to attend the Governor's School in the Sciences at Drew University. At Drew, I took courses in molecular orbital theory, special relativity, cognitive psychology, and I participated in an astrophysics research project. For my independent research project, I used a telescope to find the angular velocity of Pluto. With the angular velocity determined, I used Einstein's field equations and Kepler's laws to place an upper bound on the magnitude of the cosmological constant, which describes the curvature of space and the rate of the universe's expansion. Â   In addition to learning science, I recently lectured physics classes on special relativity at the request of my physics teacher. After lecturing one class for 45 minutes, one student bought many books on both general and special relativity to read during his study hall. Inspiring other students to search for knowledge kindles my own quest to understand the world and the people around me. Â   As president of the National Honor Society, I tutor students with difficulties in various subject areas. In addition, I am ranked number one in my class with an SAT score of 1580 and SATII scores of 750 in math, 760 in writing, and 800 in physics. In school, I take the hardest possible courses including every AP course offered at the high school. I am the leading member of the Math Team, the Academic Team, and the Model Congress Team. In the area of leadership, I have recently received the Rotary Youth Leadership Award from a local rotary club, have been asked to attend the National Youth Leadership Forum on Law and the Constitution in Washington D.C., and wrote the winning essay on patriotism for South Plainfield's VFW chapter. Currently enrolled in Spanish 6,I am a member of both the Spanish Club and the Spanish Honor Society.

Night of the tempest

It was approaching midnight on a warm winter night, rare in medieval England, with the moon halfway on its journey towards fullness.   Rarer still was the tempest, an approaching storm that brought howling winds, crackling light bolts and ear piercing thunder to the winter night sky.   Isadore had never seen a thunder storm in the winter.   She had only heard tell of it once, the year before her birth 23 years ago.   Each bolt of lightning combined with the moonlight that peeked through the winter clouds to reveal strange shadows lurking everywhere in the darkness around every corner, behind each tree, jumping suddenly from under each large rock. Isadore was approaching her uncle’s home, a large, frightening and imposing structure in appearance with high arches, several towers and a ghastly allure.   She wanted nothing more than to be snug, warm and comfortable under the covers of a nice, soft bed.   Despite its outward appearance, Isadore had heard that inside, the house was actually quite warm, inviting and comfortable.   It was not the dà ©cor, but the atmosphere inside and surrounding the outside of the house that brought bewilderment and fear. Once a house of horrors, the air of past events within its walls had never gone away but hung ominously in the air like an omen of future misgivings.   They lingered inside like the fearsome shadows she now perceived outside.   During its 120 years of existence, the house had been the scene of grotesque tortures, hideous punishments and cruel, mysterious deaths.   Now, as Isadore approached the house, a chill in her soul, she had to wonder, â€Å"Was this rare, strange winter thunderstorm the foreboding of impending disaster and doom?† As Isadore approached the gated house in her coach, she could not help but wonder what the storm might signal, if anything.   Each bolt of lightning highlighted the cathedral arches and high towers of the house, and as her coach drew nearer to the gloomy exterior of the house, the tempest grew stronger, the winds howled more intensely and the air grew thicker with an atmosphere of horror and fear.   Could the inside atmosphere be any more frightening than the cold, exterior atmosphere of the winter night. Despite the strange warmth of the winter night, the sense surrounding the abode was still cold, as if the cold exited the doors of the house and poured out into the surrounding countryside.   Even in the distance, Isadore could see that the â€Å"approaching† storm was no where in the distance.   It hung over the house like a cloud of evil.   Indeed, the storm seemed to be forming there, and continued to grow in intensity over the house as Isadore's coach drew closer to the gates. Upon its arrival at the front gate, the coachman announced, â€Å"We have arrived My Lady.†Ã‚   He got down, opened the door and assisted her out of her coach.   She had no sooner stepped onto the ground when a bolt of lightning came from out of nowhere, struck a barren winter tree some few paces away and brought it tumbling towards the ground.   Now startled and quite concerned, the incident sent a chill throughout Isadore's soul, but not as much of a chill as what she saw next.   A few moments after the tree struck the ground, the door of the abode opened and there, standing in the opening was†¦a man; a frightening, hideous being. As this man stood in the archway, Isadore stared in horror.   He spoke and fortunately, his voice was as pleasant as his appearance was hideous.   It was almost mesmerizing.   Then, as the wind howled with increasing vociferousness, he approached the gate to open it.   Once he was near her, he asked for and received Isadore's bags and assisted her through the gates and into the manor. Much to her relief, the inside decor was a appealing as she had heard, but the atmosphere was anything but.   It was as if the atmosphere had stories to tell, strange and wonderful, yet frightening and macabre. When the door closed behind her, it slammed hard enough that its knocker actually sounded as if someone was at the door.   The man, merely a servant, asked Isadore to wait in the parlor while he fetched the master.   â€Å"I will take your bags to your room, My Lady, if that meets with your approval, and fetch the master.† â€Å"Thank you, that suits me fine.†Ã‚   Then he left.   Only an instant after he left, Isadore thought she noticed movement out of the corner of her eye.   When she looked up, she saw the hem of a dress disappearing through the crack of a closing door.   Perhaps that is what it was, for as she stood there watching, the crack remained and the door never closed. Less than five minutes later, her uncle, the master, arrived, a young, handsome man perhaps in his early 30s, and greeted Isadore warmly.   After a few moments of introductions and pleasantries, Isadore asked about the woman in the dress. Looking puzzled, the Master remarked, â€Å"The woman in the dress?   I don't understand.   We are quite alone, just you, me and the servant you saw.   Otherwise, the house is empty†¦except perhaps†¦.†Ã‚   He stopped there and said nothing more, so Isadore asked, â€Å"Except perhaps what?† â€Å"Oh, nothing.   I†¦I guess I was about to say except perhaps the howling wind outside.   It's no concern.   My servant will take you to your chamber.† â€Å"Dear sir, I wonder†¦I don't mean anything by this, but would you mind accompanying me yourself?   Your servant sends chills up my spine.   I'm sure he is a nice enough person.   His voice is absolutely mesmerizing, but otherwise, he is quite frightening.† The master laughed and said, â€Å"Oh yes, I guess I understand.   I've heard that comment before.   Just give me a moment or two and I will accommodate you.   Tomorrow others like you will arrive and there will be more servants as well.   If you see anything in the meantime it’s†¦it’s just your imagination playing tricks on you.† Isadore thought to herself, â€Å"What a strange comment.   Why would he make such a comment?   I was already frightened enough while outside.   Was there something to fear within as well?†   

English Spech Belonging Essay Example

English Spech Belonging Essay Example English Spech Belonging Essay English Spech Belonging Essay - Speech: Good morning teachers and students Good drama entertains, involves and challenges the responder Arthur Miller author of Death of a salesman achieves this through the use of various techniques such as mobile concurrency and irony. The play is also based on the theme of the American dream. This play tells a sad story of a man who was too proud to admit that he was a failure. This man was Willy Loman a lower class salesman. Willy creates a world of illusion to help him to continue with the daily difficults of living. He spent his life trying desperately to convince himself, and others, that he was successful and well liked until the day he died. In the last act of Millers play is where the sad truth of Willy Lomans existence is revealed to the audience and the Loman family. The last act serves as a place where Miller paints a picture of Willys death as an ironic end to his tragic life. Willys friend and niegbour Charley says an important speech durring Willys funeral which is vital to understanding Willy as a tragic character because Charley takes the blame away from Willy for his death .Nobody dast blame this man, are the opening words to Charleyâ„ ¢s speech that depicts Willy Loman as a product of his environment and a victim of his profession.He explains that the life of a salesman is an upward struggle to sell himself, riding on a smile and shoe shinewhen the customers start not smiling back-thats an earthquakeand youre finished.Here Charley is alluding to Willys inability to separate the personal from the professional.Willy took his professional rejections personally and it was a blow to his character.Willy wanted so desperately to be liked that he convinced himself that he was liked so he would be able to continue on with his life and his career.It is important that the audience sees Willys delusions as a coping mechanism to deal with his personal failures , and therefore takes pity on him.If the audience blames him for his death then his death is not viewed as a tragedy. Miller continues to drive the sympathy out of the audience when Willys oldest son, Biff, gives his analysis of his fathers life.Biff comes to a realization at the end of the play that his father lived a life of illusion, He never knew who he was.Willy spent so much time believing in the false promises of wealth and popularity that the life of a salesman could bring that he never took the time to realize that he really enjoyed working with his hands, Thereâ„ ¢s more of him in that front stoop than in all the sales he ever made.Biff implies that his father wasted his life as an unsuccessful salesman saying that he has all the wrong dreams. He should have spent his life in a profession that he was good at and that he could take pride in instead of wasting his life trying to reach unattainable goals as an unsuccessful salesman.The tragedy behind this is that Willy wasted so much of his life being mentally invested in the idea of the American dream to be successful and not have to worr y about money that he was to blinded to see any other alternatives. Willy has various flashbacks of his life throughout the play which makes it seem like you are viewing a lifetime when in fact the play only runs over the last 24 hours of his life, this technique is called mobile currency.There are many aspects of Willyâ„ ¢s death that are both tragic and ironic such as the attendance of Willyâ„ ¢s funeral.Before Willyâ„ ¢s death he had a conversation with a vision of his older brother Ben on which Willy described the motives behind his suicde.Willy wanted to prove to his son Biff once and for all how well known and respected he was. Ben, that funeral will be massive! Theyâ„ ¢ll come from ME, MA, VT and NHthat boy will be thunderstruck, Ben, because he never realized â€Å" I am known!Will envisioned his final triumph where he could finally prove his worth to his family, and the only way that he could do that would be in death. Ironically, no one attends his funeral expect for his family and Charley. Instead of his funeral being his fin al triumph it is his final humiliation. The absence of people at the funeral shows to the Lomanâ„ ¢s and the audience that Willyâ„ ¢Ã¢â€ž ¢s entire life was an illusion.Sadly, even Willy himself did not realize the stupidness in his views of fame and success. Another ironic twist on the death of Willy Loman is the fact that he took his own life because he thought that he would be more financially beneficial to his family if he was dead. Willy foreshadows his suicide during his final conversation with Charley when he says, After all the highways, and the trains, and the appointments, and the years, you end up worth more dead than alive.Willy truly believes that he is doing what is best for his family by taking his own life, in his eyes his twenty thousand dollar insurance policy will be worth more to his family than his own life. He envisions that the money will go to his son Biff and he will be able to become the successful man that Willy always knew he would be. Willy says imagine that magnificence with twenty thousand dollars in his pocket.Ironically in the end the audience realize that Willyâ„ ¢s death was in vain because his son, Biff, does not get the insurance money because suicide was not covered in his policy. His death also c onvinces his other son Happy, to follow on his fatherâ„ ¢s footsteps toward an unrealistic dream of unattainable goals. Willyâ„ ¢s wife Linda also plays a role in the irony in the last act. Linda has a moment alone with Willyâ„ ¢s grave telling him, I made the last payment on the house today. Today, dear. And thereâ„ ¢ll be nobody home.Ironically Willy kills himself just before he is Free and clear of debt. There is also another ironic piece to Lindaâ„ ¢s final words to her husband. She says to him, Why did you do it I search and search and I search, and I canâ„ ¢t understand it, Willy.This is ironic because throughout the play Linda is the only person that loves Willy unconditionally for who he is, but in reality she has no idea who he is at all. Linda never let herself understand Willyâ„ ¢s psychological problems; therefore the only thing she can think of for his suicide is their financial burden. The final chapter of Willyâ„ ¢s life is where, for the first time, the harsh realities of his life are revealed. Sympathy is pulled from the audience and reasons for Willyâ„ ¢s behaviour are given. Willy cannot be blamed for his actions because he was merely a salesman that was so far sold on the idea of the American Dream that he was incapable of seeing his life for what it really was, even in his final moments.Willy died just as deluded as he lived. And that is how good drama entertains, involves and challenges the responder..thankyou